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Kazakhstan Law on Personal Data Protection

View Law Text
Maximum Fine
KZT 2M
Scope
National
Regulator
Ministry of Digital Development
Enacted
2013

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Overview

The Law on Personal Data Protection establishes comprehensive requirements for the protection of personal data in Kazakhstan, with a focus on data localization and security measures.

Key Facts

  • Enacted in 2013
  • Enforced by Ministry of Digital Development
  • Includes strict data localization requirements

Key Principles

Lawfulness and Consent

Personal data must be processed lawfully and with proper authorization.

Requirements

  • Obtain valid consent
  • Identify legal basis
  • Document processing grounds
  • Regular compliance reviews
  • Maintain consent records

Examples

  • Consent mechanisms
  • Legal basis documentation
  • Processing records
  • Compliance reports

Data Localization

Requirements for storing and processing personal data within Kazakhstan.

Requirements

  • Local storage implementation
  • Cross-border transfer controls
  • Regular audits
  • Compliance monitoring
  • Documentation maintenance

Examples

  • Storage policies
  • Transfer procedures
  • Audit reports
  • Compliance records

Data Security

Implementation of appropriate security measures to protect personal data.

Requirements

  • Security risk assessments
  • Technical safeguards
  • Staff training
  • Incident response
  • Regular audits

Examples

  • Security protocols
  • Training programs
  • Incident plans
  • Audit reports

Compliance Requirements

Registration Requirements

Organizations must register their databases containing personal data.

Implementation Steps

  • Identify databases containing personal data
  • Complete registration forms
  • Submit to regulatory authority
  • Maintain registration current
  • Update when changes occur

Required Documentation

  • Database inventory
  • Registration certificates
  • Processing records
  • Update history
  • Annual reviews

Data Localization Requirements

Requirements for storing personal data within Kazakhstan.

Implementation Steps

  • Assess data storage locations
  • Implement local storage solutions
  • Document data flows
  • Monitor compliance
  • Regular audits

Required Documentation

  • Storage location inventory
  • Data flow diagrams
  • Compliance reports
  • Audit logs
  • Review documentation

Cross-Border Transfers

Requirements for transferring personal data outside Kazakhstan.

Implementation Steps

  • Assess transfer necessity
  • Implement safeguards
  • Obtain necessary approvals
  • Document transfers
  • Monitor compliance

Required Documentation

  • Transfer assessments
  • Safeguard documentation
  • Approval records
  • Transfer logs
  • Monitoring reports

Enforcement & Penalties

Administrative Penalties

The Ministry of Digital Development can impose administrative penalties for violations.

Penalty Categories

Severe Violations
Up to KZT 2M
For serious breaches of data protection requirements
Processing Violations
Up to KZT 1M
For unauthorized processing of personal data
Documentation Violations
Up to KZT 500,000
For failure to maintain required documentation

Example Cases

Telecom Provider
KZT 1.5M
2023 - Unauthorized data sharing with third parties
Financial Institution
KZT 800,000
2022 - Insufficient security measures leading to data breach

Criminal Penalties

Serious violations may result in criminal prosecution.

Penalty Categories

Intentional Violations
Up to KZT 2M and imprisonment
For deliberate violations of the law
False Statements
Up to KZT 1M
For providing false information to authorities
Obstruction
Up to KZT 500,000
For obstructing investigations

Example Cases

Data Breach Case
KZT 1.8M
2023 - Intentional exposure of sensitive personal data
Compliance Violation
KZT 1.2M
2022 - Repeated non-compliance with authority orders